{"id":211,"date":"2017-12-19T16:47:15","date_gmt":"2017-12-19T14:47:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/?p=211"},"modified":"2018-12-27T05:17:41","modified_gmt":"2018-12-27T03:17:41","slug":"new-publication-in-case-studies-on-transport-policy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/?p=211","title":{"rendered":"New publication in Case Studies on Transport Policy"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Decrypting Fare-Free Public Transport in Tallinn, Estonia<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Among many possible interventions in public transport finance and policy designed to enhance the attractiveness\u00a0of riding public transport, one of the most extreme, which is seldom implemented, is the elimination of passenger\u00a0fares, effectively making public transport \u201cfree\u201d for riders (with operating costs paid from other funding\u00a0sources). This article describes a fare-free public transport program in Tallinn, Estonia, launched in 2013, which\u00a0has exhibited lower-than-expected increases in ridership. Evaluations of Tallinn\u2019s fare-free public transport\u00a0program are presented and synthesized, with a focus on program goals and how goals are met through program\u00a0performance. Findings suggest certain flaws limit the program\u2019s potential success since the program design is\u00a0misaligned with its primary stated goals, and several program goals relating to external effects of fare reform\u00a0cannot be evaluated. Although it would be valuable for transport managers in other cities to learn about this\u00a0experience, the Tallinn fare-free public transport program provides scant transferable evidence about how such a\u00a0program can operate outside of a politicized context, which was crucial to its implementation in Estonia.<\/p>\n

To access the article in Case Studies in Transport Policy<\/em> click here.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Decrypting Fare-Free Public Transport in Tallinn, Estonia Among many possible interventions in public transport finance and policy designed to enhance the attractiveness\u00a0of riding public transport, one of the most extreme, which is seldom implemented, is the elimination of passenger\u00a0fares, effectively making public transport \u201cfree\u201d for riders (with operating costs paid from other funding\u00a0sources). This … Continue reading New publication in Case Studies on Transport Policy<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p71bvo-3p","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":245,"url":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/?p=245","url_meta":{"origin":211,"position":0},"title":"Dr. Daniel B. Hess shares expert opinion on Fare-Free Public Transport in Tallinn","author":"dbhess","date":"July 3, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"An article in U.S. News & World Report about plans by government officials in Estonia to roll out free public transportation nationwide, which, if successful, would make the Baltic state the first country to implement such a system, interviews Daniel B. Hess, professor of urban and regional planning in the\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/IMG_4354-1024x768.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":346,"url":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/?p=346","url_meta":{"origin":211,"position":1},"title":"New article about fare-fee public transport","author":"dbhess","date":"June 3, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Re-examining fare-free public transport for greater inclusivity Fare-free public transport (FFPT) schemes \u2013 in which public transport costs are paid through means other than individual ride fare \u2013 are gaining traction in improving public transport efficiency and accessibility. However, there is a lack of research about how these programs impact\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":175,"url":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/?p=175","url_meta":{"origin":211,"position":2},"title":"New publication in Planning Perspectives","author":"dbhess","date":"August 15, 2017","format":"image","excerpt":"Revisiting the role of architects in planning large-scale housing in the\u00a0USSR: the birth of socialist residential districts in Tallinn, Estonia,\u00a01957\u20131979\u00a0(2017). In Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union, housing estates are\u00a0often associated with inhumane architecture and unwelcoming public space,\u00a0an outcome that can be attributed to strict design requirements\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Figure-2.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":305,"url":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/?p=305","url_meta":{"origin":211,"position":3},"title":"Article published in Town Planning Review","author":"dbhess","date":"July 7, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Effects of new construction and renovation on ethnic and social mixing in apartment buildings in Estonia Click here for the Open Access article in Town Planning Review. Residential segregation between social groups has grown in European cities, while the housing sector has boomed in major cities since 2009. These two\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":359,"url":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/?p=359","url_meta":{"origin":211,"position":4},"title":"New article about the challenges of raising curb parking prices","author":"dbhess","date":"May 12, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"The terminal-ator: Donald Shoup uncovered a transportation problem that most transportation experts failed to see UCLA Professor Donald Shoup (1938\u20132025) was an urban land and public finance economist who was quick to tell any and everyone that he wasn\u2019t really a \u201ctransportation person\u201d. In the next breath, he would remind\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/FC483BFD-8F22-47A2-AE5E-77CBA8C31D39.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/FC483BFD-8F22-47A2-AE5E-77CBA8C31D39.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/FC483BFD-8F22-47A2-AE5E-77CBA8C31D39.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/FC483BFD-8F22-47A2-AE5E-77CBA8C31D39.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/FC483BFD-8F22-47A2-AE5E-77CBA8C31D39.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/FC483BFD-8F22-47A2-AE5E-77CBA8C31D39.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":234,"url":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/?p=234","url_meta":{"origin":211,"position":5},"title":"New Publication in Energy Policy","author":"dbhess","date":"May 15, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Intersection of the global climate agenda with regional development: Unequal distribution of energy efficiency-based renovation subsidies for apartment buildings (2018) Lauri Lihtmaa, Daniel Baldwin Hess, Kadri Leetmaa Photo by Annika V\u00e4iko To access the article in Energy Policy, click here. The residential sector is an important target area for achieving\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hesstonia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/lasna-1-1-1024x683.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=211"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":263,"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211\/revisions\/263"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hesstonia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}